NTPC Limited, a Maharatna Company under the Government of India (GoI), is the country’s largest power producer. Established in 1975 as a fully government-owned entity, NTPC launched its Initial Public Offering (IPO) in 2004, followed by a Follow-on Public Offer (FPO) in 2010. Over time, the GoI has gradually reduced its stake through multiple tranches of Offers for Sale, employee share sales, and investments via the Bharat 22 Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) and CPSE ETF. Currently, the Government of India holds a 51.10% stake in NTPC, with the remaining shares owned by institutional investors and the public. Over the years, NTPC has attained a global stature. In the Platts Top 250 Global Energy Companies for 2022, NTPC has been ranked as the No.1 ‘Independent Power Producer and Energy Traders in the world. Further, NTPC has been ranked 372nd largest company in the World among the ‘Global 2000’ list of companies compiled by Forbes for 2024. NTPC has made efforts to diversify its energy mix. While historically known for thermal power, NTPC has increasingly invested in renewable energy, including solar and wind power. This shift toward cleaner sources of energy helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels and supports India’s energy transition goals, contributing to long-term energy security. Along with strengthening its core business, the company has also diversified into the fields of coal mining, consultancy, power trading, training of power professionals etc. It is also looking for opportunities in carbon capture and green chemicals. At present the commissioned capacity of NTPC group (including JVs and subsidiaries) is 80,155 MW. Further, a capacity of ~32 GW plus is under construction including renewable power capacity. NTPC contributes one-fourth of the total power generated in the country with one- sixth of the country’s installed capacity. The company has a dedicated workforce of around 18,000 and plays a crucial role in keeping the lights on for millions of homes and businesses across India. NTPC’s robust financial position is reflected in its strong balance sheet, its ability to attract debt at most competitive rates and its consistent dividend payments thus maximizing stakeholder’s value while maintaining a strong market presence.

Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd., notified by Government of India the Central Transmission Utility (CTU) as well as Navratna Company owns about 1,16,625 circuit kms. of transmission network across the country. It is the largest transmission utility of the world and operates ~90% of inter – State/inter-regional networks and ~50% of total power is being transferred across the country over its transmission networks. It maintains its transmission system with an availability of over 99%, at par with international utilities. POWERGRID is committed towards development of National Grid and a number of projects are under implementation/ planned.

Power Finance Corporation of India Ltd., notified by the Government of India a Navratna Company, is dedicated to Power Sector financing and committed to the integrated development of the power and associated sectors. PFC is providing large range of financial products and services like project term loan, lease financing, direct discounting of bills, short term loans, consultancy services etc. for various power projects in generation, transmission and distribution sector as well as for renovation & modernisation of existing power projects. It has been designated as the Nodal Agency for development of Ultra Mega Power projects with a capacity of 4000 MW each under the initiative of Ministry of Power.

NHPC Limited, a Mini Ratna Category-I Enterprise of the Government of India, has become the largest organisation for hydropower development in India. NHPC Limited presently has an installed capacity of 5175 MW from 13 hydropower stations on ownership basis including projects taken up in Joint Venture. It is presently engaged in the construction of 11 projects aggregating to a total installed capacity of 4622 MW. Given the renewed thrust on development of hydro power in the country, it has drawn up a massive plan to add over 10,000 MW of hydropower capacity by the end of XII plan (year 2017).

The Damodar Valley Corporation is a joint venture participation undertaken by the Central Government and the State Governments of West Bengal and Bihar (now Jharkhand) to participate jointly for the purpose of building the Damodar Valley. The Corporation came into existence on the 7th July, 1948 as the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India. Total Installed Capacity of DVC is 6357.2 MW, Thermal Power Stations Capacity is 6210 MW and Hydel Power Station Capacity is 147 MW.

Life Insurance Corporation of India(LIC) is the largest life insurance company in India and also the country’s largest investor.; it is fully owned by the Government of India. It also funds close to 24.6% of the Indian Government’s expenses. It was founded in 1956.